Send Push Notification in FCM v1 API
To send push notifications using the Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) v1 API, you must switch from the deprecated static server key architecture to a secure, short-lived OAuth 2.0 access token model.To use Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) for push notifications in Android, you must register your app in the Firebase Console, add the
google-services.json file and firebase-messaging dependency to your Android project, implement a service extending FirebaseMessagingService, request notification permissions for Android 13+, and capture the device registration token. In this project i will Show PHP API CODE with all steps.
To send push notifications to the next stage officer when an approval is completed, you need to integrate Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) into your app. Here's how to implement it:
🔧 Step 1: Set Up Firebase in Your Project
Add Firebase Dependencies
In your app/build.gradle:
dependencies {
// ... existing dependencies ...
// Firebase Cloud Messaging
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:23.4.1'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:21.5.1'
}
Add google-services.json
Go to Firebase Console → Create a new project (or use existing)
Add your Android app with your package name
Download
google-services.jsonand place it in yourapp/directory
Add this to your root build.gradle:
buildscript {
dependencies {
// ... existing ...
classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.4.0'
}
}
🔧 Step 2: Add Firebase Service to AndroidManifest.xml
<application>
<!-- ... existing ... -->
<!-- Firebase Messaging Service -->
<service
android:name=".urgency.firebase.MyFirebaseMessagingService"
android:exported="false">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.google.firebase.MESSAGING_EVENT" />
</intent-filter>
</service>
<!-- Default notification icon and color -->
<meta-data
android:name="com.google.firebase.messaging.default_notification_icon"
android:resource="@drawable/ic_notification" />
<meta-data
android:name="com.google.firebase.messaging.default_notification_color"
android:resource="@color/colorPrimary" />
</application>
🔧 Step 3: Create Firebase Messaging Service
// MyFirebaseMessagingService.java
public class MyFirebaseMessagingService extends FirebaseMessagingService {
private static final String TAG = "FCM_Service";
private static final String CHANNEL_ID = "approval_channel";
@Override
public void onMessageReceived(RemoteMessage remoteMessage) {
Log.d(TAG, "From: " + remoteMessage.getFrom());
// Handle Data Payload
if (remoteMessage.getData().size() > 0) {
Map<String, String> data = remoteMessage.getData();
Log.d(TAG, "Message data payload: " + data);
String title = data.get("title");
String body = data.get("body");
String certId = data.get("certId");
String certNo = data.get("certNo");
String action = data.get("action");
String senderEmpNo = data.get("senderEmpNo");
sendNotification(title, body, certId, certNo, action, senderEmpNo);
}
// Handle Notification Payload
if (remoteMessage.getNotification() != null) {
String title = remoteMessage.getNotification().getTitle();
String body = remoteMessage.getNotification().getBody();
Log.d(TAG, "Notification Body: " + body);
// Get data from notification payload
Map<String, String> data = remoteMessage.getData();
String certId = data.get("certId");
String certNo = data.get("certNo");
String action = data.get("action");
String senderEmpNo = data.get("senderEmpNo");
sendNotification(title, body, certId, certNo, action, senderEmpNo);
}
}
@Override
public void onNewToken(String token) {
super.onNewToken(token);
Log.d(TAG, "FCM token refreshed: " + token);
// Save token locally
getSharedPreferences("FCM_PREFS", MODE_PRIVATE)
.edit()
.putString("fcm_token", token)
.apply();
// Get employee number
String empNo = getSharedPreferences("LOGIN_DATA", MODE_PRIVATE)
.getString("EMP_NO", "");
if (empNo != null && !empNo.trim().isEmpty()) {
FcmTokenManager.saveTokenToServer(getApplicationContext(), empNo, token);
}
}
private void sendNotification(String title, String body, String certId,
String certNo, String action, String senderEmpNo) {
// ✅ FIX: Create intent with proper extras
Intent intent = new Intent(this, dashboard.class);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
// ✅ Pass all data as extras
if (certId != null && !certId.isEmpty()) {
intent.putExtra("CERT_ID", certId);
}
if (certNo != null && !certNo.isEmpty()) {
intent.putExtra("CERT_NO", certNo);
}
if (action != null && !action.isEmpty()) {
intent.putExtra("ACTION", action);
}
if (senderEmpNo != null && !senderEmpNo.isEmpty()) {
intent.putExtra("SENDER_EMPNO", senderEmpNo);
}
// ✅ Add a flag to indicate notification click
intent.putExtra("FROM_NOTIFICATION", true);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(
this,
(int) System.currentTimeMillis(),
intent,
PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT | PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE
);
Uri defaultSoundUri = RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_NOTIFICATION);
NotificationCompat.Builder notificationBuilder =
new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, CHANNEL_ID)
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_action_gear)
.setContentTitle(title != null ? title : "Urgency Certificate")
.setContentText(body != null ? body : "New certificate requires your approval")
.setAutoCancel(true)
.setSound(defaultSoundUri)
.setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_HIGH)
.setContentIntent(pendingIntent);
NotificationManager notificationManager =
(NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(
CHANNEL_ID,
"Certificate Approvals",
NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH
);
channel.setDescription("Notifications for certificate approvals");
channel.enableVibration(true);
channel.enableLights(true);
notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
}
notificationManager.notify((int) System.currentTimeMillis(), notificationBuilder.build());
}
}
🔧 Step 4: Save FCM Token on Login
Add this to your login activity to save the token when user logs in:
// In your LoginActivity or DashboardActivity
private void getAndSaveFcmToken() {
FirebaseMessaging.getInstance().getToken()
.addOnCompleteListener(task -> {
if (!task.isSuccessful()) {
Log.w("FCM_TOKEN", "Fetching FCM token failed", task.getException());
return;
}
String token = task.getResult();
Log.d("FCM_TOKEN", "Token: " + token);
// Save token to your server with employee ID
saveTokenToServer(token);
});
}
private void saveTokenToServer(String token) {
// Call your PHP API to save the token
String url = "https://www.jyotishgher.in/save_fcm_token.php"; //ADD YOUR SERVER SIDE FILE
RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);
StringRequest stringRequest = new StringRequest(Request.Method.POST, url,
response -> Log.d("FCM_SAVE", "Token saved: " + response),
error -> Log.e("FCM_SAVE", "Error saving token", error)
) {
@Override
protected Map<String, String> getParams() {
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("empno", empNo); // Your employee ID
params.put("fcm_token", token);
return params;
}
};
queue.add(stringRequest);
}
🔧 Step 5: Create Database Table for FCM Tokens
-- Add this to your Oracle database
CREATE TABLE FCM_TOKENS (
TOKEN_ID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
EMPLOYEE_ID VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL,
FCM_TOKEN VARCHAR2(500) NOT NULL,
DEVICE_TYPE VARCHAR2(20) DEFAULT 'ANDROID',
CREATED_DATE DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE,
UPDATED_DATE DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE,
IS_ACTIVE CHAR(1) DEFAULT 'Y',
CONSTRAINT FK_FCM_USER FOREIGN KEY (EMPLOYEE_ID) REFERENCES USERS(EMPLOYEE_ID)
);
CREATE SEQUENCE SEQ_FCM_TOKEN_ID START WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1;
🔧 Step 6: PHP API to Save FCM Token | Use your's server end Code
// save_fcm_token.php
<?php
header('Content-Type: application/json');
include 'db_connection.php';
$empno = $_POST['empno'] ?? '';
$fcm_token = $_POST['fcm_token'] ?? '';
if (empty($empno) || empty($fcm_token)) {
echo json_encode(['success' => false, 'message' => 'Missing parameters']);
exit;
}
// Check if token exists for this employee
$check_sql = "SELECT TOKEN_ID FROM FCM_TOKENS WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = :empno";
$check_stmt = oci_parse($conn, $check_sql);
oci_bind_by_name($check_stmt, ':empno', $empno);
oci_execute($check_stmt);
if (oci_fetch($check_stmt)) {
// Update existing token
$sql = "UPDATE FCM_TOKENS
SET FCM_TOKEN = :token, UPDATED_DATE = SYSDATE
WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = :empno";
} else {
// Insert new token
$sql = "INSERT INTO FCM_TOKENS (TOKEN_ID, EMPLOYEE_ID, FCM_TOKEN)
VALUES (SEQ_FCM_TOKEN_ID.NEXTVAL, :empno, :token)";
}
$stmt = oci_parse($conn, $sql);
oci_bind_by_name($stmt, ':token', $fcm_token);
oci_bind_by_name($stmt, ':empno', $empno);
oci_execute($stmt);
echo json_encode(['success' => true, 'message' => 'Token saved']);
?>
🔧 Step 7: Send Notification as per your requirement where you need
private void callNormalApproveAPI(String certNo, String remarksParam, String stageParam, ProgressDialog progressDialog) {
url = awmApprovalEntry_API
+ "?CERT_NO=" + Uri.encode(certNo)
+ "&REMARKS_AWM=" + Uri.encode(remarksParam)
+ "&APRV_BY_AWM=" + Uri.encode(FORWARD_TO)
+ "&CURRENT_STAGE=" + Uri.encode(stageParam)
+ "&DSG=" + Uri.encode(dsg);
Log.d("APPROVE_API_URL_NORMAL", url);
JsonObjectRequest request = new JsonObjectRequest(
Request.Method.GET,
url,
null,
new Response.Listener<JSONObject>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(JSONObject response) {
progressDialog.dismiss();
try {
Log.d("APPROVE_RESPONSE_NORMAL", response.toString());
boolean success = response.optBoolean("success", false);
int status = response.optInt("status", 0);
if (success && status == 1) {
// Get the next officer's employee ID
String forwardedTo = response.optString("forwarded_to", "");
// Send push notification to next officer
if (!forwardedTo.isEmpty() && !forwardedTo.equals("null")) {
sendPushNotification(
forwardedTo,
"Certificate Approved",
"Certificate " + certNo + " forwarded for your approval",
certNo
);
}
Toast.makeText(awm_fp_request_view_for_action.this,
"Certificate APPROVED successfully!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
refreshActivity();
} else {
String message = response.optString("message", "Unknown error");
Toast.makeText(awm_fp_request_view_for_action.this,
"Error: " + message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Toast.makeText(awm_fp_request_view_for_action.this,
"Error parsing approval response", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
},
new Response.ErrorListener() {
@Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
progressDialog.dismiss();
handleAPIError("APPROVE_NORMAL", error);
}
}
);
requestQueue.add(request);
}
// Method to send push notification to next officer
private void sendPushNotification(String targetEmpNo, String title, String body, String certNo) {
String url = "https://xxxx.xx/send_notification.php";
RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);
StringRequest request = new StringRequest(Request.Method.POST, url,
response -> Log.d("NOTIFICATION", "Push sent: " + response),
error -> Log.e("NOTIFICATION", "Error sending push", error)
) {
@Override
protected Map<String, String> getParams() {
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("target_empno", targetEmpNo);
params.put("title", title);
params.put("body", body);
params.put("cert_id", CERT_ID);
params.put("cert_no", certNo);
params.put("sender_empno", FORWARD_TO);
return params;
}
};
queue.add(request);
}
Fix for Notification Builder Error
The error occurs because the method is setContentText(), not setContentBody(). Here's the corrected code:
📄 How to Get Firebase Server Key
For Legacy API (Solution 1):OLD
Go to Firebase Console
Select your project
Click on ⚙️ Project Settings → Cloud Messaging
Under Project Credentials, copy the Server Key
For FCM v1 API (Solution 2): NEW ADVISED
Go to Firebase Console → Project Settings → Service Accounts
Click Generate New Private Key
Save the JSON file as
service-account.jsonin your serverCopy your Project ID from Project Settings → General
🎯 Common Issues & Solutions
| Issue | Solution |
|---|---|
| 404 Error | Use correct FCM endpoint or check Project ID |
| 401 Unauthorized | Invalid Server Key - regenerate from Firebase Console |
| InvalidRegistration | Token is invalid - refresh token on device |
| NotRegistered | App uninstalled - remove token from database |
Make sure to replace YOUR_FCM_SERVER_KEY with your actual Server Key from Firebase Console!
$serverKey = 'AAAA3xYZ123...'; // Your actual server key
🔧 Step 8: PHP API to Send FCM Notification
send_notification.php
<?php
// send_notification.php - FCM v1 FINAL WORKING VERSION
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Get Parameters
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
$target_empno = $_REQUEST['target_empno'] ?? '';
$title = $_REQUEST['title'] ?? 'Urgency Certificate';
$body = $_REQUEST['body'] ?? 'Certificate requires your approval';
$cert_id = $_REQUEST['cert_id'] ?? '';
$cert_no = $_REQUEST['cert_no'] ?? '';
$sender_empno = $_REQUEST['sender_empno'] ?? '';
$target_empno = trim($target_empno);
$title = trim($title);
$body = trim($body);
$cert_id = trim($cert_id);
$cert_no = trim($cert_no);
$sender_empno = trim($sender_empno);
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Validate Target Employee
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
if (empty($target_empno)) {
echo json_encode([
'success' => false,
'message' => 'Target employee ID required'
]);
exit;
}
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Get Active FCM Tokens
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
$sql = "
SELECT TOKEN_ID, EMPNO, FCM_TOKEN, DEVICE_TYPE
FROM IOS.URG_FCM_TOKENS
WHERE EMPNO = :empno AND IS_ACTIVE = 'Y'
";
$stmt = oci_parse($conn, $sql);
oci_bind_by_name($stmt, ':empno', $target_empno);
if (!oci_execute($stmt)) {
$error = oci_error($stmt);
echo json_encode([
'success' => false,
'message' => 'Failed to fetch tokens',
'error' => $error['message']
]);
exit;
}
$tokens = [];
while ($row = oci_fetch_assoc($stmt)) {
if (!empty($row['FCM_TOKEN'])) {
$tokens[] = [
'token_id' => $row['TOKEN_ID'],
'token' => $row['FCM_TOKEN'],
'device_type' => $row['DEVICE_TYPE']
];
}
}
if (empty($tokens)) {
echo json_encode([
'success' => false,
'message' => 'No active FCM token found for employee',
'empno' => $target_empno
]);
exit;
}
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| FCM v1 Configuration
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
// ✅ Your Firebase Project ID
$projectId = ''; // Your actual Project ID
// Get Access Token
$accessToken = getAccessToken();
if (!$accessToken) {
echo json_encode([
'success' => false,
'message' => 'Failed to get FCM access token. Please check service account configuration.',
'empno' => $target_empno
]);
exit;
}
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Send Notification
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
$results = [];
$successCount = 0;
$failedCount = 0;
foreach ($tokens as $tokenData) {
$fcmToken = $tokenData['token'];
$result = sendFCMNotificationV1(
$fcmToken,
$title,
$body,
$cert_id,
$cert_no,
$sender_empno,
$projectId,
$accessToken
);
if ($result['success']) {
$successCount++;
} else {
$failedCount++;
}
$results[] = [
'token_id' => $tokenData['token_id'],
'success' => $result['success'],
'response' => $result['response'],
'httpCode' => $result['httpCode']
];
}
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Final Response
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
echo json_encode([
'success' => $successCount > 0,
'message' => "Notification sent to $successCount device(s)",
'target_empno' => $target_empno,
'total_tokens' => count($tokens),
'success_count' => $successCount,
'failed_count' => $failedCount,
'results' => $results
]);
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Functions
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
/**
* Get OAuth2 Access Token using Service Account
*/
function getAccessToken() {
// Path to your service account JSON file
$serviceAccountFile = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . '/cmms/service-account.json';
// Try alternative path if not found
if (!file_exists($serviceAccountFile)) {
$serviceAccountFile = __DIR__ . '/service-account.json';
}
if (!file_exists($serviceAccountFile)) {
error_log("❌ Service account file not found at: " . $serviceAccountFile);
return null;
}
$serviceAccount = json_decode(file_get_contents($serviceAccountFile), true);
if (!$serviceAccount || !isset($serviceAccount['client_email']) || !isset($serviceAccount['private_key'])) {
error_log("❌ Invalid service account file format");
return null;
}
// Create JWT
$now = time();
$payload = [
'iss' => $serviceAccount['client_email'],
'scope' => 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/firebase.messaging',
'aud' => 'https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token',
'exp' => $now + 3600,
'iat' => $now
];
$jwt = generateJWT($payload, $serviceAccount['private_key']);
if (!$jwt) {
error_log("❌ Failed to generate JWT");
return null;
}
// Request access token
$ch = curl_init('https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token');
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 30);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query([
'grant_type' => 'urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:jwt-bearer',
'assertion' => $jwt
]));
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, ['Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded']);
$response = curl_exec($ch);
$httpCode = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
$curlError = curl_error($ch);
curl_close($ch);
if ($httpCode == 200) {
$data = json_decode($response, true);
if (isset($data['access_token'])) {
error_log("✅ Access token obtained successfully");
return $data['access_token'];
}
}
error_log("❌ Failed to get access token: HTTP $httpCode - " . $response);
if (!empty($curlError)) {
error_log("CURL Error: " . $curlError);
}
return null;
}
/**
* Generate JWT for OAuth2
*/
function generateJWT($payload, $privateKey) {
$header = ['alg' => 'RS256', 'typ' => 'JWT'];
$base64UrlHeader = rtrim(strtr(base64_encode(json_encode($header)), '+/', '-_'), '=');
$base64UrlPayload = rtrim(strtr(base64_encode(json_encode($payload)), '+/', '-_'), '=');
$signatureInput = $base64UrlHeader . '.' . $base64UrlPayload;
$key = openssl_pkey_get_private($privateKey);
if (!$key) {
error_log("❌ Invalid private key");
return null;
}
openssl_sign($signatureInput, $signature, $key, OPENSSL_ALGO_SHA256);
$base64UrlSignature = rtrim(strtr(base64_encode($signature), '+/', '-_'), '=');
return $signatureInput . '.' . $base64UrlSignature;
}
/**
* Send FCM Notification using FCM v1 API
*/
function sendFCMNotificationV1($token, $title, $body, $cert_id, $cert_no, $sender_empno, $projectId, $accessToken) {
// FCM v1 endpoint
$url = "https://fcm.googleapis.com/v1/projects/{$projectId}/messages:send";
// Notification payload - ✅ CORRECT STRUCTURE
$data = [
'message' => [
'token' => $token,
'notification' => [
'title' => $title,
'body' => $body
],
'data' => [
'title' => $title,
'body' => $body,
'certId' => $cert_id,
'certNo' => $cert_no,
'senderEmpNo' => $sender_empno,
'action' => 'OPEN_APPROVAL'
],
'android' => [
'priority' => 'HIGH'
]
]
];
$jsonData = json_encode($data);
// Log request for debugging
error_log("📤 FCM v1 Request: " . $jsonData);
$ch = curl_init($url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, false);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 30);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, [
'Authorization: Bearer ' . $accessToken,
'Content-Type: application/json'
]);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $jsonData);
$response = curl_exec($ch);
$httpCode = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
$curlError = curl_error($ch);
curl_close($ch);
// Log response
error_log("📥 FCM v1 Response: HTTP $httpCode - " . $response);
if (!empty($curlError)) {
error_log("❌ FCM CURL Error: " . $curlError);
}
// Parse response
$success = false;
$resultMessage = $response;
if ($httpCode == 200) {
$responseData = json_decode($response, true);
if ($responseData && isset($responseData['name'])) {
$success = true;
$resultMessage = 'Notification sent successfully';
} else {
$resultMessage = 'FCM Error: ' . ($responseData['error']['message'] ?? 'Unknown error');
error_log("❌ FCM Error: " . $resultMessage);
}
} else {
// Parse error response
$responseData = json_decode($response, true);
if ($responseData && isset($responseData['error'])) {
$errorMsg = $responseData['error']['message'] ?? 'Unknown error';
$errorStatus = $responseData['error']['status'] ?? '';
$resultMessage = "HTTP $httpCode - $errorStatus: $errorMsg";
} else {
$resultMessage = "HTTP Error: $httpCode - " . $response;
}
error_log("❌ FCM Error: " . $resultMessage);
}
return [
'success' => $success,
'response' => $resultMessage,
'httpCode' => $httpCode,
'curlError' => $curlError
];
}
?>
🔑 Important Notes
Project ID: Replace
YOUR_PROJECT_ID_HEREwith your actual Firebase Project ID (found in Firebase Console → Project Settings)Service Account: Download the service account JSON from Firebase Console and place it at
/service-account.jsonPermissions: Make sure the service account has the "Firebase Cloud Messaging Admin" role
Testing: Test by calling the API with a valid employee number
The FCM v1 API is more reliable and will work even if the legacy endpoint is blocked!
Expected Response:
{
"success": true,
"message": "Notification sent to 1 device(s)",
"target_empno": "063",
"total_tokens": 1,
"success_count": 1,
"failed_count": 0,
"results": [
{
"token_id": "1",
"success": true,
"response": "Notification sent successfully",
"httpCode": 200
}
]
}
🔧 Step 2: Add FCM Admin Role to Service Account MOST IMPORTANT
Go to Google Cloud Console
Select your Firebase project
Go to IAM & Admin → IAM also then Go to APIs & Services → Library Then Enable Search for "Firebase Cloud Messaging API"
Find your service account email (from
service-account.json)Click the Edit (pencil) icon
Click Add Another Role
Search and add: Firebase Cloud Messaging Admin
Click Save
This should now work perfectly! If you still get errors, check the PHP error logs for detailed debugging information.Part 2 To show inside the APP
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